Subject Verb Agreement

Pengertian Subject-Verb Agreement

Subject-verb agreement adalah persesuaian antara verb dengan subject dalam halnumber, yaitu: singular (tunggal) atau plural (jamak). Subjek dapat berupanoun, pronoun, atau konstruksi lain yang berakting sebagai noun, seperti gerund daninfinitive. Pada dasarnya, singular subject (subjek tunggal) menggunakansingular verb (kata kerja tunggal), sedangkan plural subject (subjek jamak) menggunakanplural verb (kata kerja jamak).

Subject-Verb Agreement (Umum)

Secara umum pada bentuk present tense, singular verb berupa base form (bentuk dasar) dari verb dengan ditambahkan suffix (akhiran) -s. Adapun pada plural verb tanpa ditambahkan suffix -s (sebaliknya, plural subject ditambahkan suffix -s). Aturan kata kerja ini berlaku pula pada subjek berupa third person (orang ketiga, contoh: Ricky, Anna) dan semua personal pronoun (they, we= jamak; he, she, it= tunggal), kecuali I dan you. Walaupun berupa subjek tunggal, I dan you dipasangkan dengan kata kerja bentuk jamak.

Contoh Kalimat Subject-Verb Agreement [subject= bold; verb= italic]:

·         The sun rises.

·         The stars shine.

·         Leo rarely eats white bread.

·         You go straight ahead then turn left.

Namun jika ada helping verb, maka helping verb-nya yang berubah sedangkan main verbdalam bentuk dasar (base form verb). Pilihan helping verb dalam bentuk tunggal-jamak-nya adalah is-are, does-do, dan has-have. Khusus untuk has-have, agreement tidak berlaku jika kata tersebut merupakan second helping verb atau digunakan dibelakang helping verb lainnya.

Contoh Kalimat Subject-Verb Agreement [subject= bold; verb= italic; helping verb= underline]:

·         My boss always comes on time.

·         They like eating out.

·         He is working.

·         I do submit the task.

·         The manager has checked the documents.

·         The cat will have been sleeping (has-have TIDAK BERLAKU)

Sedangkan pada past tense, tidak ada perbedaan bentuk kata kerja dalam hal number(tunggal atau jamak)  jika tidak ada helping verb, yaitu: was-were.

Contoh Kalimat Subject-Verb Agreement [subject= bold; helping verb=underline]:

·         The cat was sleeping.

·         We were roasting corn.

·         She drove fast. (TIDAK BERLAKU)

Adapun jika kata kerja yang digunakan berupa linking verb, maka is, am (khusus I), was (past tense) digunakan oleh singular subject, sedangkan are dan were (past tense) oleh plural subject.

Contoh Kalimat Subject-Verb Agreement [subject= bold; linking verb= italic]:

·         Ricky is smart.

·         The children are naughty.

·         I was a stamp collector.

·         My books were borrowed by him.

Permasalahan pada Subject-Verb Agreement

Subject-verb agreement menjadi membingungkan ketika  dihadapkan pada persoalan seperti: subjek berupa collective noun, compound subject, plural form dengan maknasingular, dan indefinite pronoun. Selain itu, ada pula phrase atau clause yang menyela subjek dan kata kerja sehingga cukup dapat membingungkan didalam penentuanagreement-nya.

Berikut penjelasan dan beberapa contoh subject-verb agreement. [Subject= bold; verb, linking= italic; helping verb= underline]

No	Poin	Subject-Verb Agreement	Contoh Subject-Verb Agreement
1	Collective Noun	Collective noun merupakan kata benda yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu nama kumpulan (terdiri dari lebih dari satu anggota). Sebagai subjek, kata benda ini dapat singular atau plural tergantung konteks. Jika anggota kumpulan melakukan hal yang sama secara serentak, maka kata benda ini dianggap sebagai suatu kesatuan subjek dengan singular verb. Sebaliknya, bila anggota dari kumpulan bertindak secara individual, maka dianggap sebagai subjek jamak dengan kata kerja yang jamak pula.	The team is goingon holiday now. [Artinya: Para anggota team sedang pergi berlibur (bersama-sama) sekarang.]
			The team are goingon holiday now. [Artinya: Para anggota tim sedang berlibur (masing-masing) sekarang.]

Sumber:

1. Making Subjects and Verbs Agree.http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/599/1/. Accessed on November 12, 2012.
2. Subject-Verb Agreement. http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/sv_agr.htm. Accessed on November 12, 2012.
3. Self Teaching Unit: Subject-Verb Agreement.http://www.towson.edu/ows/moduleSVAGR.htm. Accessed on November 12, 2012.
4. Subject Verb Agreement [S-V]. https://eee.uci.edu/programs/esl/svlink.html. Accessed on November 15, 2012.

Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Tugas softskill bahasa inggris bisnis 2

 Choose the best answer and give an explanation about your answer

1.      The large carotid artery ____ to the main parts of the brain.

a.      Carrying blood

b.      Blood is carried

c.       Carries blood

d.      Blood carries

The Correct Answer : C ( akhiran kata konsonan )

2.      Mark Twain _____ the years after the Civil War the “Gilded Age.”
(A) called
(B) calling
(C) he called
(D) his calls

The Correct Answer : A ( bentuk kalimat past tense )

3.      _____ radio as the first practical system of wireless telegraphy.
(A) Marconi’s development
(B) The development by Marconi
(C) Developing Marconi
(D) Marconi developed

The Correct Answer : D ( merupakan subjek dalam kalimat )

4.      The earliest medicines _____ from plants of various sorts.
(A) obtaining
(B) they obtained
(C) were obtained
(D) they were obtained

The Correct Answer : C ( bentuk kalimat Past Tense )

5.      Pluto’s moon, Charon, _____ in a slightly elliptical path around the planet.
(A) moving
(B) is moving
(C) it was moving
(D) in its movement

The Correct Answer : A ( merupakan kata kerja yang paling sesuai )

6.      Robert E. Lee ____ the Confederate army to General Grant in 1865 at the Appomattox Courthouse.
(A) surrendered
(B) he surrendered
(C) surrendering
(D) surrender

The Correct Answer : A ( sesuai dengan bentuk kalimat Past Tense )

7.      In the Stone Age, stone tools _____ with other rock materials.

(A) polishing
(B) they polished
(C) for polish
(D) were polished

The Correct Answer : D ( bentuk kalimat Past Tense )

8.      The first steamship to cross the Atlantic ____ Savannah, in 1819.
(A) was the
(B) it was the
(C) the
(D) in it the

The Correct Answer : B ( merupakan kata ganti )

9.      The first plant-like organisms probably _____ in the sea, perhaps 3 billion years ago.
(A) life
(B) living
(C) lived
(D) it was living

The Correct Answer : C ( bentuk kalimat Past Tense )

10.   Air near the equator ____ a faster west-to-east motion than air farther from the equator.

(A) to have

(B) it has

(C) has

(D) having

The Correct Answer : A ( penambahan kata bantu to sebelum have )

11.  ____ quickly after an animal dies.

(A) In the degradation of DNA

(B) Degrading DNA

(C) DNA degrades

(D) For DNA to degrade

The Correct Answer : B ( merupakan subjek kalimat )

12. _____ is famous as the home of the U.S. Naval Academy.

(A) Annapolis

(B) Because of Annapolis

(C) Why Annapolis

(D) Because Annapolis

The Correct Answer : A ( merupakan subjek kalimat )

13. _________ the deepest valleys and canyons on the Earth.

 (A) In the Pacific Ocean with

 (B) In the Pacific Ocean

 (C) The Pacific Ocean

 (D) The Pacific Ocean has

The Correct Answer : D ( Subjek + kata kerja kepemilikan )

14.  In the United States, the participation of females in the labor force              from 37 percent in 1965 to 51 percent in 1980.

    (A) it jumped

    (B) jump

    (C) jumping

    (D) jumped

The Correct Answer : A ( merupakan kata ganti sebelum past tense )

15. ______ the second most common metal in the earth’s crust, and it always occurs in combination with other substances.

    (A) Iron

    (B) Iron is

    (C) With iron

    (D) With iron is

The Correct Answer : B ( subjek + kata bantu tepat )

16.  Although knives and forks _____ of prehistoric origin, spoons are relatively new.

    (A) are

    (B) they are

    (C) are they

    (D) which are

The Correct Answer : A ( merupakan kata kerja bantu )

17. ____ lived on Earth for nearly 150 million years.

    (A) Dinosaurs

    (B) Dinosaurs who

    (C) If dinosaurs

    (D) Since dinosaurs

The Correct Answer : A ( merupakan subjek kalimat )

18. _____along most of its length into an upper chamber and a lower chamber.

    (A) The divided cochlea

    (B) Dividing the cochlea

    (C) The cochlea is divided

    (D) With a divided cochlea

The Correct Answer : C ( merupakan Subjek Kalimat )

19. When _____ the conference?

    (A) the doctor attended

    (B) did the doctor attend?

    (C) the doctor will attend

    (D) the doctor’s attendance

The Correct Answer : C ( merupakan kalimat simple future tense )

20. To Mike ____ was a big surprise.

    (A) really

    (B) the party

    (C) funny

    (D) when

The Correct Answer : B ( merupakan objek kalimat )

Correct or incorrect, revise and give an explanation about the error and you answer

Keterangan : Bold ( Inccorect Answer )

(Red) ( Correct Answer )

  

21. Each day practiced the piano for hours.

·        Each day practiced (practices) the piano for hours : Ini hal yang selalu dilakukan, present tense.

22. The directions to the exercise on page twenty unclear.

·        Sudah Tepat √

23. During the week eat lunch in the school cafeteria.

·        During the (a) week eat lunch in the school cafeteria : Penempatan the sebagai kata bantu tidak tepat.

24. In the morning after concert was tired.

·        Sudah Tepat √

25. During the meeting in the office discussed the schedule.

·        During the meeting in the office discussed (discuss) the schedule : Kalimat ini present tense.

26. Everyone must leaves the room immediately.

·        Everyone must leaves (leave) the room immediately : Leaves adalah daun.

27. I could sat on the beach for hours.

·        Sudah Tepat √

28. She will asking you many difficult questions.

·        She will asking (ask) you many difficult questions : Setelah penggunaan –ing harus kembali ke verb1.

29. The new movie is receive good reviews.

·        Sudah Tepat √

30. We took a new routes to the beach house.

·        Sudah Tepat √

31. They helped she with the work.

·        They helped she (her) with the work : Kata ganti kepemilikan dia (perempuan) adalah her.

32. Her and Bob came over to visit me.

·        Her (she) and Bob came over to visit me:  Kata ganti ia (perempuan) seharusnya she.

33. She lent it to you and I.

·        Sudah Tepat √

34. We offered she a place to stay.

·        Sudah Tepat √

35. The soup needs more salt because he does not taste very good.

·        Sudah Tepat √

36. The girls ran too fast and she fell down.

·        Sudah Tepat √

37. They sold the car to you and I.

·        Sudah Tepat √

38. I told his the truth, but he didn’t believe me.

·        I told his (him) the truth, but he didn’t believe me : Kata ganti ia laki laki, him.

39. You and she should look for they.

·        You and she should look for they (them) : Pengganti mereka dalam objek adalah them.

40. Martha was happy when she boss gave her a pay raise.

·        Martha was happy when she (her) boss gave her a pay raise : Kata ganti kepemilikan perempuan adalah her.

41. Just between our, I am not sure if we can trust them.

·        Just between (an) our, I am not sure if we can trust them : Kurang kata pengghubung.

42. The travelers lost our way in the storm.

·        The travelers lost our (their) way in the storm : Kata ganti kepemilikan mereka adalah their.

43. Please tell your brother that me need to talk to him.

·        Please tell your brother that me (I) need to talk to him : Saya sebagai subyek adalah I.

44. The boy got the box and his opened it carefully.

·        The boy got the box and his (he) opened it carefully : Kata ganti ia laki laki adalah he.

45. If my friend calls, please ask them to call back later.

·        Sudah Tepat  √

46. Me and my friend are taking a trip.

·        Sudah Tepat √

47. Our neighbors are going with you and I.

·        Sudah Tepat √

48. Ghea explained that her and her sister had often eaten at that restaurant.

·        Ghea explained that her (she) and her sister had often eaten at that restaurant : Kata ganti ia perempuan adalah she

49. The students are allowed to ask questions when she doesn't understand a problem.

·        The students are allowed to ask questions when she (they) doesn't understand a problem. Kata ganti mereka adalah they.

50. Do you know Ben and her wife?

·        Do you know Ben and her (his) wife? :  Kata ganti kepemilikan laki-laki adalah his.